Franklin Mint – History of the US – Louisiana Territory Purchased from France – 1803 – 45mm – Proof Bronze Medal. Jan. 11 – James Monroe named to negotiate the purchase of New Orleans; Feb. 24 – Supreme Court holds an Act of Congress unconstitutional for the first time; Apr. 30 – The United States buys the Louisianna Territory from France; Dec. 20 – Formal transfer of Louisianna Territory made to the United States.